Demystifying Medicine
Course Materials for 2011
- January 11 - Sleep: mechanisms, disorders and circadian rhythm
- Lim, J., Dinges, D.F.: Sleep deprivation and vigilant attention. Molecular and Biophysical Mechanisms of Arousal, Alertness, and Attention. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1129:305-322, 2008. PMID: 18591490
- Chee, M.L.W., Tan C.H., Hui Z., Parimal S., Weissman S.D., Zagorodnov V., Dinges D.F.: Lapsing during sleep deprivation is associated with distributed changes in brain activation. The Journal of Neuroscience, 28(21):5519-5528, May 21, 2008. PMID: 18495886
- Goel, N. Rao, H., Durmer, J., Dinges, D.F.: Neurocognitive consequences of sleep deprivation. Seminars in Neurology, 29(4): 320-339, 2009. PMID: 19742409
- Goel, N., Banks, S., Mignot, E., Dinges, D.F. DQB1*0602 Predicts interindividual differences in physiological sleep, sleepiness and fatigue. Neurology 75:1509-1519, 2010.
- Menaker, M: Circadian Clocks: 50 Years On. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 2007;72:655-9.
- January 18 - Helicobacter phylori: the organism, peptic ulcers and cancer
- Steven Czinn (U Maryland)
- Scott Merrell (USUHS)
- Readings
- Press Release: The 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Nobelprize.org - Discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.
- Cell-cycle inhibition by Helicobacter pylori L-asparaginase. Scotti C, Sommi P, Pasquetto MV, Cappelletti D, Stivala S, Mignosi P, Savio M, Chiarelli LR, Valentini G, Bolanos-Garcia VM, Merrell DS, Franchini S, Verona ML, Bolis C, Solcia E, Manca R, Franciotta D, Casasco A, Filipazzi P, Zardini E, Vannini V. PLoS One. 2010 Nov 9;5(11):e13892.PMID: 21085483
- Polymorphisms in the Intermediate Region of VacA Impact Helicobacter pylori-Induced Disease Development. Jones KR, Jang S, Chang JY, Kim J, Chung IS, Olsen CH, Merrell DS, Cha JH. J Clin Microbiol. 2011 Jan;49(1):101-10. Epub 2010 Nov 17.PMID: 21084502
- Mutagenesis of conserved amino acids of Helicobacter pylori fur reveals residues important for function. Carpenter BM, Gancz H, Benoit SL, Evans S, Olsen CH, Michel SL, Maier RJ, Merrell DS. J Bacteriol. 2010 Oct;192(19):5037-52.
- Helicobacter pylori apo-Fur regulation appears unconserved across species. Miles S, Carpenter BM, Gancz H, Merrell DS. J Microbiol. 2010 Jun;48(3):378-86.
- Microarray analysis of Shigella flexneri-infected epithelial cells identifies host factors important for apoptosis inhibition. Faherty CS, Merrell DS, Semino-Mora C, Dubois A, Ramaswamy AV, Maurelli AT. BMC Genomics. 2010 Apr 29;11:272.
- Detailed in vivo analysis of the role of Helicobacter pylori Fur in colonization and disease. Miles S, Piazuelo MB, Semino-Mora C, Washington MK, Dubois A, Peek RM Jr, Correa P, Merrell DS. Infect Immun. 2010 Jul;78(7):3073-82. 7.
- Helicobacter pylori-induced histone modification, associated gene expression in gastric epithelial cells, and its implication in pathogenesis. Ding SZ, Fischer W, Kaparakis-Liaskos M, Liechti G, Merrell DS, Grant PA, Ferrero RL, Crowe SE, Haas R, Hatakeyama M, Goldberg JB. PLoS One. 2010 Apr 1;5(4):e9875.
- Epidemiological link between gastric disease and polymorphisms in VacA and CagA. Jang S, Jones KR, Olsen CH, Joo YM, Yoo YJ, Chung IS, Cha JH, Merrell DS. J Clin Microbiol. 2010 Feb;48(2):559-67.
- Diet synergistically affects helicobacter pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis in nonhuman primates. Liu H, Merrell DS, Semino-Mora C, Goldman M, Rahman A, Mog S, Dubois A. Gastroenterology. 2009 Oct;137(4):1367-79.e1-6
- January 25 - Staphylococcus: why and how does it still kill?
- February 1 - Estrogens: mood and postpartum depression
- Peter Schmidt (NIMH)
- Alan DeCherney (NICHD)
- Readings:
- Toso L, Cameroni I, Roberson R, Abebe D, Bissell S, Spong CY. Prevention of developmental delays in a Down syndrome mouse model. Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Dec;112(6):1242-51. PMID: 19037032
- Tita AT, Landon MB, Spong CY, Lai Y, Leveno KJ, Varner MW, Moawad AH, Caritis SN, Meis PJ, Wapner RJ, Sorokin Y, Miodovnik M, Carpenter M, Peaceman AM, O'Sullivan MJ, Sibai BM, Langer O, Thorp JM, Ramin SM, Mercer BM; Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. Timing of elective repeat cesarean delivery at term and neonatal outcomes. N Engl J Med. 2009 Jan 8;360(2):111-20. PMID: 19129525
- Landon MB, Spong CY, Thom E, Carpenter MW, Ramin SM, Casey B, Wapner RJ, Varner MW, Rouse DJ, Thorp JM Jr, Sciscione A, Catalano P, Harper M, Saade G, Lain KY, Sorokin Y, Peaceman AM, Tolosa JE, Anderson GB; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. A multicenter, randomized trial of treatment for mild gestational diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2009 Oct 1;361(14):1339-48
- Incerti M, Vink J, Roberson R, Wood L, Abebe D, Spong CY. Reversal of alcohol-induced learning deficits in the young adult in a model of fetal alcohol syndrome. Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Feb;115(2 Pt 1):350-6.
- Roberts JM, Myatt L, Spong CY, Thom EA, Hauth JC, Leveno KJ, Pearson GD, Wapner RJ, Varner MW, Thorp JM Jr, Mercer BM, Peaceman AM, Ramin SM, Carpenter MW, Samuels P, Sciscione A, Harper M, Smith WJ, Saade G, Sorokin Y, Anderson GB; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. Vitamins C and E to prevent complications of pregnancy-associated hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2010 Apr 8;362(14): 1282-91.
- February 8 - Malaria: Struggles to understand a major killer
- Patrick Duffy (NIAID)
- Gray Heppner (US Army, WRAIR)
- Readings:
- Finkel M, Stopping A Global Killer. National Geographic. 2007.
- Kester KE, Cummings JF, Ofori-Anyinam O, Ockenhouse CF, Krzych U, Moris P, Schwenk R, Nielsen RA, Debebe Z, Pinelis E, Juompan L, Williams J, Dowler M, Stewart VA, Wirtz RA, Dubois MC, Lievens M, Cohen J, Ballou WR, Heppner DG Jr; RTS,S Vaccine Evaluation Group. Randomized, double-blind, phase 2a trial of falciparum malaria vaccines RTS,S/AS01B and RTS,S/AS02A in malaria-naive adults: safety, efficacy, and immunologic associates of protection. J Infect Dis. 2009 Aug 1;200(3):337-46.
- Sacarlal J, Aide P, Aponte JJ, Renom M, Leach A, Mandomando I, Lievens M, Bassat Q, Lafuente S, Macete E, Vekemans J, Guinovart C, Sigaúque B, Sillman M, Milman J, Dubois MC, Demoitié MA, Thonnard J, Menéndez C, Ballou WR, Cohen J, Alonso PL. Long-term safety and efficacy of the RTS,S/AS02A malaria vaccine in Mozambican children. J Infect Dis. 2009 Aug 1;200(3):329-36.
- Stewart VA, McGrath SM, Walsh DS, Davis S, Hess AS, Ware LA, Kester KE, Cummings JF, Burge JR, Voss G, Delchambre M, Garçon N, Tang DB, Cohen JD, Heppner DG Jr. Pre-clinical evaluation of new adjuvant formulations to improve the immunogenicity of the malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS02A. Pre-clinical evaluation of new adjuvant formulations to improve the immunogenicity of the malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS02A. Vaccine. 2006 Oct 30;24(42-43):6483-92. Epub 2006 Jul 3.
- Stewart VA, McGrath SM, Dubois PM, Pau MG, Mettens P, Shott J, Cobb M, Burge JR, Larson D, Ware LA, Demoitie MA, Weverling GJ, Bayat B, Custers JH, Dubois MC, Cohen J, Goudsmit J, Heppner DG Jr. Priming with an adenovirus 35-circumsporozoite protein (CS) vaccine followed by RTS,S/AS01B boosting significantly improves immunogenicity to Plasmodium falciparum CS compared to that with either malaria vaccine alone. Infect Immun. 2007 May;75(5):2283-90. Epub 2007 Feb 16.
- The malERA Consultative Group on Vaccines (2011) A Research Agenda for Malaria Eradication: Vaccines. PLoS Med 8(1): e1000398. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000398v.
- Vahey MT, Wang Z, Kester KE, Cummings J, Heppner DG Jr, Nau ME, Ofori-Anyinam O, Cohen J, Coche T, Ballou WR, Ockenhouse CF. Expression of genes associated with immunoproteasome processing of major histocompatibility complex peptides is indicative of protection with adjuvanted RTS,S malaria vaccine. J Infect Dis. 2010 Feb 15;201(4):580-9.
- Cholera R, Brittain NJ, Gillrie MR, Lopera-Mesa TM, Diakite SAS, Arie T, Krause MA, Guindo A, Tubman A, Fujioka H, Diallo DA, Doumbo OK, Ho M, Wellems TE, Fairhurst RM. Impaired cytoadherence of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes containing sickle hemoglobin. PNAS. 2008; 103(3) 991-996.
- February 15 - VZV: a case of shingles
- Adriana Marques (NIAID)
- Jeffrey Cohen (CC)
- Readings
- A vaccine to prevent herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in older adults. Oxman MN, Levin MJ, Johnson GR, Schmader KE, Straus SE, Gelb LD, Arbeit RD, Simberkoff MS, Gershon AA, Davis LE, Weinberg A, Boardman KD, Williams HM, Zhang JH, Peduzzi PN, Beisel CE, Morrison VA, Guatelli JC, Brooks PA, Kauffman CA, Pachucki CT, Neuzil KM, Betts RF, Wright PF, Griffin MR, Brunell P, Soto NE, Marques AR, Keay SK, Goodman RP, Cotton DJ, Gnann JW Jr, Loutit J, Holodniy M, Keitel WA, Crawford GE, Yeh SS, Lobo Z, Toney JF, Greenberg RN, Keller PM, Harbecke R, Hayward AR, Irwin MR, Kyriakides TC, Chan CY, Chan IS, Wang WW, Annunziato PW, Silber JL; Shingles Prevention Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2005 Jun 2;352(22):2271-84.
- Prevention of herpes zoster: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Harpaz R, Ortega-Sanchez IR, Seward JF; Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). MMWR Recomm Rep. 2008 Jun 6;57(RR-5):1-30; quiz CE2-4. Erratum in: MMWR Recomm Rep. 2008 Jul 18;57(28):779.
- Recommendations for the management of herpes zoster. Dworkin RH, Johnson RW, Breuer J, Gnann JW, Levin MJ, Backonja M, Betts RF, Gershon AA, Haanpaa ML, McKendrick MW, Nurmikko TJ, Oaklander AL, Oxman MN, Pavan-Langston D, Petersen KL, Rowbotham MC, Schmader KE, Stacey BR, Tyring SK, van Wijck AJ, Wallace MS, Wassilew SW, Whitley RJ. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Jan 1;44 Suppl 1:S1-26.
- Wareham DW, Breuer J. Herpes zoster. BMJ. 2007;334:1211-5.
- February 22 - Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Is there a virus?
- Shyh-Ching Lo (FDA)
- Fred Gill (CC)
- Harvey Alter (CC)
- Readings
- The Chronic Fatigue Syndrome A Comprehensive Approach to its Definition and Study. Annals of Internal Medicine, Vol. 121: 953-959, 1994. Fukuda K, Straus SE, Hickie I, Sharpe MC, Dobbins JG, Komaroff A, and the International CFS Study Group.
- Identification of Ambiguities in the 1994 Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research Case Definition and Recommendations for Resolution. BMC Health Services Research 3: 25, 2003. Reeves WC, Lloyd A, Vernon SD, Klimas N, Jason LA, Bleijenberg G, Evengard B, White PD, Nisenbaum R, Unger ER, and the International Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study Group.
- Pharmacotherapy of chronic fatigue syndrome: another gallant attempt. JAMA 2004; 292:1234. Straus, SE.
- Genes and Chronic Fatigue: How Strong Is the Evidence? Science, Vol. 312, no. 5774: 669-671, 2006. Jocelyn Kaiser
- CDC CFS Toolkit – http://www.cdc.gov/cfs/toolkit/index.html
- CFIDS Association of America – http://www.cfids.org/
- Lombardi VC, Ruscetti FW, Das Gupta J, Pfost MA, Hagen KS, et al. (2009) Detection of an infectious retrovirus, XMRV, in blood cells of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Science 326: 585-589.
- Lo SC, Pripuzova N, Li B, Komaroff AL, Hung GC, Wang R, Alter HJ. Detection of MLV-related virus gene sequences in blood of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and healthy blood donors. PNAS, 2010 Sep 7;107(36):15874-9.
- Fischer N, Schulz C, Stieler K, Hohn O, Lange C, Drosten C, Aepfelbacher M. Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related gammaretrovirus in respiratory tract. Emerg Infect Dis., 2010 Jun;16(6):1000-2.
- Switzer WM, Jia H, Hohn O, Zheng H, Tang S, Shankar A, Bannert N, Simmons G, Hendry RM, Falkenberg VR, Reeves WC, Heneine W. Absence of evidence of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus infection in persons with chronic fatigue syndrome and healthy controls in the United States. Retrovirology. 2010 Jul 1;7:57.
- Robinson MJ, Erlwein OW, Kaye S, Weber J, Cingoz O, Patel A, Walker MM, Kim WJ, Uiprasertkul M, Coffin JM, McClure MO.Mouse DNA contamination in human tissue tested for XMRV. Retrovirology. 2010 Dec 20;7:108.
- Oakes B, Tai AK, Cingöz O, Henefield MH, Levine S, Coffin JM, Huber BT. Contamination of human DNA samples with mouse DNA can lead to false detection of XMRV-like sequences. Retrovirology. 2010 Dec 20;7:109.
- Sato E, Furuta RA, Miyazawa T. An endogenous murine leukemia viral genome contaminant in a commercial RT-PCR kit is amplified using standard primers for XMRV. Retrovirology. 2010 Dec 20;7:110.
- Hué S, Gray ER, Gall A, Katzourakis A, Tan CP, Houldcroft CJ, McLaren S, Pillay D, Futreal A, Garson JA, Pybus OG, Kellam P, Towers GJ. Disease-associated XMRV sequences are consistent with laboratory contamination. Retrovirology. 2010 Dec 20;7(1):111.
- March 1 - Multiple scleroisis: an autoimmune dilemma
- March 8 - Inflammation: mechanisms and diseases
- John I. Gallin (CC)
- Douglas B. Kuhns (CC)
- Readings:
- Douglas B. Kuhns, Ph.D., W. Gregory Alvord, Ph.D., Theo Heller, M.B., Ch.B., Jordan J. Feld, M.D., M.P.H., Kristen M. Pike, M.S., Beatriz E. Marciano, M.D., Gulbu Uzel, M.D., Suk See DeRavin, M.D., Ph.D., Debra A. Long Priel, M.S., Benjamin P. Soule, M.D., Kol A. Zarember, Ph.D., Harry L. Malech, M.D., Steven M. Holland, M.D., and John I. Gallin, M.D. Residual NADPH Oxidase and Survival in Chronic Granulomatous Disease. N Engl J Med 2010; 363:2600-2610
- March 15 - Diabetes: mechanisms and fatty liver
- March 22 - HIV/AIDS: Ongoing epidemic and new treatments
- March 29 - CANCELED: Hypersocial, hyperverbal kids (Williams Disease) in the genomic era
- April 5 - Cardiovascular disease in the eras of imaging and stem cells
- April 12 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Stem Cells
- April 19 - Prostate Cancer: Challenge in mechanism and treatment
- James Gulley (NCI)
- Kathleen Kelly (NCI)
- Paul Hynes (NCI)
- Readings
- Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test - NIH/NCI Fact Sheet
- Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer, JAMA, July 13, 2005-Vol 294, No. 2, 238-244, Nima Sharifi, James L. Gulley, William L. Dahut.
- Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines in Prostate Cancer: The Paradox of Improved Survival Without Changes in Time to Progression, Ravi A. Madan, James L. Gulley, Tito Fojo and William L. Dahut
Oncologist published online Aug 26, 2010; DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2010-0129.
- Clinical Practice. Localized prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2007 Dec 27;357(26):2696-705. Walsh PC, DeWeese TL, Eisenberger MA.
- April 26 - Cushing's syndrome: adrenocortical hormone regulation and function
- Lynnette Nieman (NICHD)
- Gordon Hager (NCI) -
- Readings
- Genome-wide mechanisms of nuclear receptor action, Simon C. Biddie, Sam John and Gordon L. Hager, Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism. 21(1) 3-9.
- John,S., Sabo,P.J., Thurman,R.E., Sung,M.H., Biddie,S.C., Johnson,T.A., Hager,G.L., and Stamatoyannopoulos,J.A. (2011). Chromatin accessibility pre-determines glucocorticoid receptor binding patterns. Nat. Genet. 43, 264-268.
- Stavreva,D.A., Wiench,M., John,S., Conway-Campbell,B.L., McKenna,M.A., Pooley,J.R., Johnson,T.A., Voss,T.C., Lightman,S.L., and Hager,G.L. (2009). Ultradian hormone stimulation induces glucocorticoid receptor-mediated pulses of gene transcription. Nat. Cell Biol. 11, 1093-1102.
- May 3 - Hearing: Mechanisms and loss
- John Niparko (Johns Hopkins)
- Thomas Friedman (NIDCD)
- James Battey (NIDCD)
- Raedings
- Dror, A.A., and Avraham, K.B. (2010). Hearing impairment: a panoply of genes and functions. Neuron 68, 293-308.
- Friedman, T.B., and Griffith, A.J. (2003). Human nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 4, 341-402.
- Frolenkov, G.I., Belyantseva, I.A., Friedman, T.B., and Griffith, A.J. (2004). Genetic insights into the morphogenesis of inner ear hair cells. Nat Rev Genet 5, 489-498.
- Gates, G.A., and Mills, J.H. (2005). Presbycusis. Lancet 366, 1111-1120.
- Richardson, G.P., de Monvel, J.B., and Petit, C. (2011). How the genetics of deafness illuminates auditory physiology. Annu Rev Physiol 73, 311-334.
- Schwander, M., Kachar, B., and Muller, U. (2010). The cell biology of hearing. J Cell Biol 190, 9-20.
- May 10 - Alzheimer's Disease: where do things stand?
- Mark Mattson (NIA)
- Laurie Ryan (NIA)
- Readings
- Pathways towards and away from Alzheimer's disease. Mattson MP. Nature. 2004 Aug 5;430(7000):631-9.
- Disrupted energy metabolism and neuronal circuit dysfunction in cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. Dimitrios Kapogiannis MD, Prof Mark P Mattson PhD, The Lancet Neurology, Volume 10, Issue 2, Pages 187 - 198, February 2011.
- Diabetes impairs hippocampal function through glucocorticoid-mediated effects on new and mature neurons. Alexis M Stranahan, Thiruma V Arumugam, Roy G Cutler, Kim Lee, Josephine M Egan & Mark P Mattson. Nature Neuroscience 11, 309 - 317 (2008).
- Introduction to the recommendations from the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer’s Association workgroup on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer’s disease. Clifford R. Jack, Jr., Marilyn S. Albertb, David S. Knopmana, Guy M. McKhannb, Reisa A. Sperlingc, Maria C. Carrillod, Bill Thiesd, Creighton H. Phelpse. Alzheimer's & Dementia. 1-6 (2011).
- Hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers of the Alzheimer’s pathological cascade. Clifford R Jack Jr, David S Knopman, William J Jagust, Leslie M Shaw, Paul S Aisen, Michael W Weiner, Ronald C Petersen, and John Q Trojanowski. Lancet Neurol. 2010 January ; 9(1): 119.
- Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer’s disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer’s Association workgroup. Reisa A. Sperlinga, Paul S. Aisenb, Laurel A. Beckettc, David A. Bennettd, Suzanne Crafte, Anne M. Faganf, Takeshi Iwatsubog, Clifford R. Jackh, Jeffrey Kayei, Thomas J. Montinej, Denise C. Parkk, Eric M. Reimanl, Christopher C. Rowem, Eric Siemersn, Yaakov Sterno, Kristine Yaffep, Maria C. Carrilloq, Bill Thiesq, Marcelle Morrison-Bogoradr, Molly V. Wagsterr, Creighton H. Phelps. Alzeimer's & Dementia. 1-13 (2011).
- May 17 - Finale - Final Examination
This web page was last modified on May 17, 2011. For questions about the course, please contact ariasi@mail.nih.gov.